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Marcus Mettius
:''For the 1st-century grammarian, see Marcus Mettius Epaphroditus.''
Marcus Mettius or Metius (''fl.'' mid-1st century BC) was a supporter of Julius Caesar in the 50s and 40s BC.
==Diplomatic envoy==
During the first year of the Garilc Wars, Caesar sent Mettius and the Helvian Celt Gaius Valerius Troucillus as envoys to the Suebian king Ariovistus, in what is presented as a last-ditch effort to prevent a full-scale war. Instead, Ariovistus accuses the two of spying and arrests them. Troucillus is chained and subjected to at least psychological torture, but Mettius seems to have received better treatment, perhaps because he had a longstanding relationship (''hospitium'') with the Suebian.〔Julius Caesar, ''Commentarii de Bello Gallico'' 1.46 and 52. On the ''hospitium'' between Ariovistus and Mettius, see Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, ''Patronage in Ancient Society'' (Routledge, 1989), p. 140 (online. )〕 The abuse of envoys was a violation of the ''ius gentium'', the customary law of international relations,〔Daniel Peretz, "The Roman Interpreter and His Diplomatic and Military Roles," ''Historia'' 55 (2006), p. 454.〕 but it has been observed that Ariovistus's charge may not have been groundless.〔John H. Collins, “Caesar as Political Propagandist,” in ''Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt'' 1.1 (1972), p. 930 (online ): "it is hard to avoid the feeling that if we had an independent report of the incident from the German side we should learn that the envoys' conduct was not quite so diplomatically correct as Caesar has represented it"; also N.J.E. Austin and N.B. Rankov ''Exploratio: Military and Political Intelligence in the Roman World from the Second Punic War to the Battle of Adrianople'' (Routledge, 1995), p. 55.〕
Since Ariovistus had been declared a Friend of the Roman People (''amicus populi romani'') during Caesar's consulship in 59 BC, the ''hospitium'' between him and Mettius might have had to do with the diplomacy that led to the declaration of friendship.〔This assumption is common enough to have been noted in a student textbook for Caesar's commentaries edited by Francis W. Kelsey (Boston, 1918), p. 117 (online. )〕 Mettius is sometimes identified as a businessman, presumably of the equestrian order; trade with the Germanic peoples at the time might have involved slaves, animals, or goods.〔In ''Caesar: Life of a Colossus'' (Yale University Press, 2006), Adrian Goldsworthy identifies Mettius, whose ''praenomen'' he gives erroneously as Caius, as a merchant (p. 229 (online )). Others have made a Romanized Gaul of Mettius; see the conjecture of T.P. Wiseman under "Monetalis" following. None of these have a basis in the text of the ''Bellum Gallicum''.〕 Caesar says only that he chose Mettius for the mission because of his ties to Ariovistus,〔''Bellum Gallicum'' 1.46.4: ''qui hospitio Ariovisti utebatur''.〕 and provides no further information about the man's social rank, ethnicity, or occupation.
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